SLEEP APNEA IN ENDOCRINE DISORDERS

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Abstract

In the recent years, an association between sleep apnea and a  number of endocrine diseases has been established. The secretion of many hormones after falling asleep is considerably changed, compared to the period of wakefulness. In patients with endocrine disorders, abnormal hormonal secretion and its pathological consequences may contribute to sleep apnea. Sleep fragmentation and intermittent hypoxia arising in sleep apnea result in a decrease in insulin sensitivity, which contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The prevalence of sleep apnea increases in acromegaly, which may affect the risk of cardio-pulmonary complications. There is an association between sleep apnea and testosterone treatment in men, as well as in postmenopausal women. Sleep apnea in hypothyroidism is most frequently related to the development of hypothyroidism per se and can therefore be reversed with thyroid hormone replacement therapy. Timely detection and treatment of sleep apnea in patients with endocrine disorders can improve their survival prognosis and quality of life.

About the authors

I. V. Misnikova

Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (MONIKI)

Author for correspondence.
Email: inna-misnikova@mail.ru

MD, PhD, Leading Research Fellow, Department of Therapeutic Endocrinology; Professor, Chair of Endocrinology, Postgraduate Training Faculty,

61/2 Shchepkina ul., Moscow, 129110

Russian Federation

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