Clinical and morphological features of the leukoplakia in the Perm region

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Abstract

Leukoplakia is a chronic precancerous skin and mucosal lesion with a multifactorial etiology.

Aim: To retrospective analyze clinical and morphological characteristics of leukoplakia in the Perm region.

Materials and methods: The study was based on the data extracted from outand in-patient medical files and biopsy samples of 332 patients referred to the Perm Regional Oncological Dispensary (Perm, Russian Federation) in 2005 to 2016. The analysis of clinical and morphological characteristics was carried out with consideration of anatomical localization, gender and histopathological findings.

Results: Among the patients with leukoplakia, there were mostly women (77.7%) of the older age (61.6 ± 3.5 years), with frequent lesions of the vulvar mucosa (71.7%). Men had similar prevalence of genital (47.3%) and oral (52.7%) leukoplakia. Simple (flat) leukoplakia was found in 31.7% of the cases, verrucous in 45.0%, and erosive/ ulcerative in 23.3%. Verrucous leukoplakia was more often characterized by hyperkeratosis (95.5%) and vacuolar degeneration (94.8%). The erosive/ulcerative type was characterized by parakeratosis (95.7%), acanthosis (84.3%), dyskeratosis (90.0%), and dermal vascularization (95.7%). Dysplasia was observed in 52.3% of the cases, with 90% in erosive/ulcerative leukoplakia, 31.5% in simple leukoplakia and 47.4% in verrucous type. The frequency of dysplasia signs increased with an increase of the dysplasia grade (SIN).

Conclusion: In the Perm region, leukoplakia was more prevalent in female patients and had predominantly genital localization (96.9%). The risk of verrucous and erosive/ulcerative genital leukoplakia in women was 2,27and 1,75-fold higher than in men, respectively. In all clinical types, there was a slight predominance of SIN1, whereas the ratio of dysplasia grades was similar. Only combined assessment of clinical and morphological data could improve prediction of transformation to cancer.

About the authors

T. G. Sedova

Perm State Medical Academy named after academician E.A.Vagner

Author for correspondence.
Email: sedovca-1978@yandex.ru

Tat'yana G. Sedova – MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Chair of Dermatology and Venereology 

26 Petropavlovskaya ul., Perm, 614990

Russian Federation

A. N. Khlebnikova

Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (MONIKI)

Email: fake@neicon.ru

Al'bina N. Khlebnikova – MD, PhD, Professor, Chair of Dermatovenereology and Dermatooncology, Postgraduate Training Faculty 

61/2 Shchepkina ul., Moscow, 129110

Russian Federation

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Copyright (c) 2018 Sedova T.G., Khlebnikova A.N.

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